use of org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.plan.MapWork in project hive by apache.
the class Utilities method getStatsTmpDirs.
public static List<String> getStatsTmpDirs(BaseWork work, Configuration conf) {
List<String> statsTmpDirs = new ArrayList<>();
if (!StatsSetupConst.StatDB.fs.name().equalsIgnoreCase(HiveConf.getVar(conf, ConfVars.HIVESTATSDBCLASS))) {
// no-op for non-fs stats collection
return statsTmpDirs;
}
// if its auto-stats gather for inserts or CTAS, stats dir will be in FileSink
Set<Operator<? extends OperatorDesc>> ops = work.getAllLeafOperators();
if (work instanceof MapWork) {
// if its an anlayze statement, stats dir will be in TableScan
ops.addAll(work.getAllRootOperators());
}
for (Operator<? extends OperatorDesc> op : ops) {
OperatorDesc desc = op.getConf();
String statsTmpDir = null;
if (desc instanceof IStatsGatherDesc) {
statsTmpDir = ((IStatsGatherDesc) desc).getTmpStatsDir();
}
if (statsTmpDir != null && !statsTmpDir.isEmpty()) {
statsTmpDirs.add(statsTmpDir);
}
}
return statsTmpDirs;
}
use of org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.plan.MapWork in project hive by apache.
the class CombineEquivalentWorkResolver method combineEquivalentDPPSinks.
// Merge the target works of the second DPP sink into the first DPP sink.
public static void combineEquivalentDPPSinks(SparkPartitionPruningSinkOperator first, SparkPartitionPruningSinkOperator second) {
SparkPartitionPruningSinkDesc firstConf = first.getConf();
SparkPartitionPruningSinkDesc secondConf = second.getConf();
for (SparkPartitionPruningSinkDesc.DPPTargetInfo targetInfo : secondConf.getTargetInfos()) {
MapWork target = targetInfo.work;
firstConf.addTarget(targetInfo.columnName, targetInfo.columnType, targetInfo.partKey, target, targetInfo.tableScan);
if (target != null) {
// update the target map work of the second
first.addAsSourceEvent(target, targetInfo.partKey, targetInfo.columnName, targetInfo.columnType);
second.removeFromSourceEvent(target, targetInfo.partKey, targetInfo.columnName, targetInfo.columnType);
target.setTmpPathForPartitionPruning(firstConf.getTmpPathOfTargetWork());
}
}
}
use of org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.plan.MapWork in project hive by apache.
the class CommonJoinTaskDispatcher method processCurrentTask.
@Override
public Task<? extends Serializable> processCurrentTask(MapRedTask currTask, ConditionalTask conditionalTask, Context context) throws SemanticException {
// whether it contains common join op; if contains, return this common join op
JoinOperator joinOp = getJoinOp(currTask);
if (joinOp == null || joinOp.getConf().isFixedAsSorted()) {
return null;
}
currTask.setTaskTag(Task.COMMON_JOIN);
MapWork currWork = currTask.getWork().getMapWork();
// create conditional work list and task list
List<Serializable> listWorks = new ArrayList<Serializable>();
List<Task<? extends Serializable>> listTasks = new ArrayList<Task<? extends Serializable>>();
// create task to aliases mapping and alias to input file mapping for resolver
// Must be deterministic order map for consistent q-test output across Java versions
HashMap<Task<? extends Serializable>, Set<String>> taskToAliases = new LinkedHashMap<Task<? extends Serializable>, Set<String>>();
HashMap<Path, ArrayList<String>> pathToAliases = currWork.getPathToAliases();
Map<String, Operator<? extends OperatorDesc>> aliasToWork = currWork.getAliasToWork();
// start to generate multiple map join tasks
JoinDesc joinDesc = joinOp.getConf();
if (aliasToSize == null) {
aliasToSize = new HashMap<String, Long>();
}
try {
long aliasTotalKnownInputSize = getTotalKnownInputSize(context, currWork, pathToAliases, aliasToSize);
Set<Integer> bigTableCandidates = MapJoinProcessor.getBigTableCandidates(joinDesc.getConds());
// no table could be the big table; there is no need to convert
if (bigTableCandidates.isEmpty()) {
return null;
}
// if any of bigTableCandidates is from multi-sourced, bigTableCandidates should
// only contain multi-sourced because multi-sourced cannot be hashed or direct readable
bigTableCandidates = multiInsertBigTableCheck(joinOp, bigTableCandidates);
Configuration conf = context.getConf();
// If sizes of at least n-1 tables in a n-way join is known, and their sum is smaller than
// the threshold size, convert the join into map-join and don't create a conditional task
boolean convertJoinMapJoin = HiveConf.getBoolVar(conf, HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVECONVERTJOINNOCONDITIONALTASK);
int bigTablePosition = -1;
if (convertJoinMapJoin) {
// This is the threshold that the user has specified to fit in mapjoin
long mapJoinSize = HiveConf.getLongVar(conf, HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVECONVERTJOINNOCONDITIONALTASKTHRESHOLD);
Long bigTableSize = null;
Set<String> aliases = aliasToWork.keySet();
for (int tablePosition : bigTableCandidates) {
Operator<?> parent = joinOp.getParentOperators().get(tablePosition);
Set<String> participants = GenMapRedUtils.findAliases(currWork, parent);
long sumOfOthers = Utilities.sumOfExcept(aliasToSize, aliases, participants);
if (sumOfOthers < 0 || sumOfOthers > mapJoinSize) {
// some small alias is not known or too big
continue;
}
if (bigTableSize == null && bigTablePosition >= 0 && tablePosition < bigTablePosition) {
// prefer right most alias
continue;
}
long aliasSize = Utilities.sumOf(aliasToSize, participants);
if (bigTableSize == null || bigTableSize < 0 || (aliasSize >= 0 && aliasSize >= bigTableSize)) {
bigTablePosition = tablePosition;
bigTableSize = aliasSize;
}
}
}
currWork.setLeftInputJoin(joinOp.getConf().isLeftInputJoin());
currWork.setBaseSrc(joinOp.getConf().getBaseSrc());
currWork.setMapAliases(joinOp.getConf().getMapAliases());
if (bigTablePosition >= 0) {
// create map join task and set big table as bigTablePosition
MapRedTask newTask = convertTaskToMapJoinTask(currTask.getWork(), bigTablePosition);
newTask.setTaskTag(Task.MAPJOIN_ONLY_NOBACKUP);
newTask.setFetchSource(currTask.isFetchSource());
replaceTask(currTask, newTask);
// joined with multiple small tables on different keys
if ((newTask.getChildTasks() != null) && (newTask.getChildTasks().size() == 1)) {
mergeMapJoinTaskIntoItsChildMapRedTask(newTask, conf);
}
return newTask;
}
long ThresholdOfSmallTblSizeSum = HiveConf.getLongVar(conf, HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVESMALLTABLESFILESIZE);
for (int pos = 0; pos < joinOp.getNumParent(); pos++) {
// this table cannot be big table
if (!bigTableCandidates.contains(pos)) {
continue;
}
Operator<?> startOp = joinOp.getParentOperators().get(pos);
Set<String> aliases = GenMapRedUtils.findAliases(currWork, startOp);
long aliasKnownSize = Utilities.sumOf(aliasToSize, aliases);
if (cannotConvert(aliasKnownSize, aliasTotalKnownInputSize, ThresholdOfSmallTblSizeSum)) {
continue;
}
MapredWork newWork = SerializationUtilities.clonePlan(currTask.getWork());
// create map join task and set big table as i
MapRedTask newTask = convertTaskToMapJoinTask(newWork, pos);
// add into conditional task
listWorks.add(newTask.getWork());
listTasks.add(newTask);
newTask.setTaskTag(Task.CONVERTED_MAPJOIN);
newTask.setFetchSource(currTask.isFetchSource());
// set up backup task
newTask.setBackupTask(currTask);
newTask.setBackupChildrenTasks(currTask.getChildTasks());
// put the mapping task to aliases
taskToAliases.put(newTask, aliases);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new SemanticException("Generate Map Join Task Error: " + e.getMessage(), e);
}
if (listTasks.isEmpty()) {
return currTask;
}
// insert current common join task to conditional task
listWorks.add(currTask.getWork());
listTasks.add(currTask);
// clear JoinTree and OP Parse Context
currWork.setLeftInputJoin(false);
currWork.setBaseSrc(null);
currWork.setMapAliases(null);
// create conditional task and insert conditional task into task tree
ConditionalWork cndWork = new ConditionalWork(listWorks);
ConditionalTask cndTsk = (ConditionalTask) TaskFactory.get(cndWork);
cndTsk.setListTasks(listTasks);
// set resolver and resolver context
cndTsk.setResolver(new ConditionalResolverCommonJoin());
ConditionalResolverCommonJoinCtx resolverCtx = new ConditionalResolverCommonJoinCtx();
resolverCtx.setPathToAliases(pathToAliases);
resolverCtx.setAliasToKnownSize(aliasToSize);
resolverCtx.setTaskToAliases(taskToAliases);
resolverCtx.setCommonJoinTask(currTask);
resolverCtx.setLocalTmpDir(context.getLocalScratchDir(false));
resolverCtx.setHdfsTmpDir(context.getMRScratchDir());
cndTsk.setResolverCtx(resolverCtx);
// replace the current task with the new generated conditional task
replaceTaskWithConditionalTask(currTask, cndTsk);
return cndTsk;
}
use of org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.plan.MapWork in project hive by apache.
the class GenSparkSkewJoinProcessor method processSkewJoin.
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void processSkewJoin(JoinOperator joinOp, Task<? extends Serializable> currTask, ReduceWork reduceWork, ParseContext parseCtx) throws SemanticException {
SparkWork currentWork = ((SparkTask) currTask).getWork();
if (currentWork.getChildren(reduceWork).size() > 0) {
LOG.warn("Skip runtime skew join as the ReduceWork has child work and hasn't been split.");
return;
}
List<Task<? extends Serializable>> children = currTask.getChildTasks();
Path baseTmpDir = parseCtx.getContext().getMRTmpPath();
JoinDesc joinDescriptor = joinOp.getConf();
Map<Byte, List<ExprNodeDesc>> joinValues = joinDescriptor.getExprs();
int numAliases = joinValues.size();
Map<Byte, Path> bigKeysDirMap = new HashMap<Byte, Path>();
Map<Byte, Map<Byte, Path>> smallKeysDirMap = new HashMap<Byte, Map<Byte, Path>>();
Map<Byte, Path> skewJoinJobResultsDir = new HashMap<Byte, Path>();
Byte[] tags = joinDescriptor.getTagOrder();
// for each joining table, set dir for big key and small keys properly
for (int i = 0; i < numAliases; i++) {
Byte alias = tags[i];
bigKeysDirMap.put(alias, GenMRSkewJoinProcessor.getBigKeysDir(baseTmpDir, alias));
Map<Byte, Path> smallKeysMap = new HashMap<Byte, Path>();
smallKeysDirMap.put(alias, smallKeysMap);
for (Byte src2 : tags) {
if (!src2.equals(alias)) {
smallKeysMap.put(src2, GenMRSkewJoinProcessor.getSmallKeysDir(baseTmpDir, alias, src2));
}
}
skewJoinJobResultsDir.put(alias, GenMRSkewJoinProcessor.getBigKeysSkewJoinResultDir(baseTmpDir, alias));
}
joinDescriptor.setHandleSkewJoin(true);
joinDescriptor.setBigKeysDirMap(bigKeysDirMap);
joinDescriptor.setSmallKeysDirMap(smallKeysDirMap);
joinDescriptor.setSkewKeyDefinition(HiveConf.getIntVar(parseCtx.getConf(), HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVESKEWJOINKEY));
// create proper table/column desc for spilled tables
TableDesc keyTblDesc = (TableDesc) reduceWork.getKeyDesc().clone();
List<String> joinKeys = Utilities.getColumnNames(keyTblDesc.getProperties());
List<String> joinKeyTypes = Utilities.getColumnTypes(keyTblDesc.getProperties());
Map<Byte, TableDesc> tableDescList = new HashMap<Byte, TableDesc>();
Map<Byte, RowSchema> rowSchemaList = new HashMap<Byte, RowSchema>();
Map<Byte, List<ExprNodeDesc>> newJoinValues = new HashMap<Byte, List<ExprNodeDesc>>();
Map<Byte, List<ExprNodeDesc>> newJoinKeys = new HashMap<Byte, List<ExprNodeDesc>>();
// used for create mapJoinDesc, should be in order
List<TableDesc> newJoinValueTblDesc = new ArrayList<TableDesc>();
for (int i = 0; i < tags.length; i++) {
newJoinValueTblDesc.add(null);
}
for (int i = 0; i < numAliases; i++) {
Byte alias = tags[i];
List<ExprNodeDesc> valueCols = joinValues.get(alias);
String colNames = "";
String colTypes = "";
int columnSize = valueCols.size();
List<ExprNodeDesc> newValueExpr = new ArrayList<ExprNodeDesc>();
List<ExprNodeDesc> newKeyExpr = new ArrayList<ExprNodeDesc>();
ArrayList<ColumnInfo> columnInfos = new ArrayList<ColumnInfo>();
boolean first = true;
for (int k = 0; k < columnSize; k++) {
TypeInfo type = valueCols.get(k).getTypeInfo();
// any name, it does not matter.
String newColName = i + "_VALUE_" + k;
ColumnInfo columnInfo = new ColumnInfo(newColName, type, alias.toString(), false);
columnInfos.add(columnInfo);
newValueExpr.add(new ExprNodeColumnDesc(columnInfo.getType(), columnInfo.getInternalName(), columnInfo.getTabAlias(), false));
if (!first) {
colNames = colNames + ",";
colTypes = colTypes + ",";
}
first = false;
colNames = colNames + newColName;
colTypes = colTypes + valueCols.get(k).getTypeString();
}
// we are putting join keys at last part of the spilled table
for (int k = 0; k < joinKeys.size(); k++) {
if (!first) {
colNames = colNames + ",";
colTypes = colTypes + ",";
}
first = false;
colNames = colNames + joinKeys.get(k);
colTypes = colTypes + joinKeyTypes.get(k);
ColumnInfo columnInfo = new ColumnInfo(joinKeys.get(k), TypeInfoFactory.getPrimitiveTypeInfo(joinKeyTypes.get(k)), alias.toString(), false);
columnInfos.add(columnInfo);
newKeyExpr.add(new ExprNodeColumnDesc(columnInfo.getType(), columnInfo.getInternalName(), columnInfo.getTabAlias(), false));
}
newJoinValues.put(alias, newValueExpr);
newJoinKeys.put(alias, newKeyExpr);
tableDescList.put(alias, Utilities.getTableDesc(colNames, colTypes));
rowSchemaList.put(alias, new RowSchema(columnInfos));
// construct value table Desc
String valueColNames = "";
String valueColTypes = "";
first = true;
for (int k = 0; k < columnSize; k++) {
// any name, it does not matter.
String newColName = i + "_VALUE_" + k;
if (!first) {
valueColNames = valueColNames + ",";
valueColTypes = valueColTypes + ",";
}
valueColNames = valueColNames + newColName;
valueColTypes = valueColTypes + valueCols.get(k).getTypeString();
first = false;
}
newJoinValueTblDesc.set((byte) i, Utilities.getTableDesc(valueColNames, valueColTypes));
}
joinDescriptor.setSkewKeysValuesTables(tableDescList);
joinDescriptor.setKeyTableDesc(keyTblDesc);
// create N-1 map join tasks
HashMap<Path, Task<? extends Serializable>> bigKeysDirToTaskMap = new HashMap<Path, Task<? extends Serializable>>();
List<Serializable> listWorks = new ArrayList<Serializable>();
List<Task<? extends Serializable>> listTasks = new ArrayList<Task<? extends Serializable>>();
for (int i = 0; i < numAliases - 1; i++) {
Byte src = tags[i];
HiveConf hiveConf = new HiveConf(parseCtx.getConf(), GenSparkSkewJoinProcessor.class);
SparkWork sparkWork = new SparkWork(parseCtx.getConf().getVar(HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVEQUERYID));
Task<? extends Serializable> skewJoinMapJoinTask = TaskFactory.get(sparkWork);
skewJoinMapJoinTask.setFetchSource(currTask.isFetchSource());
// create N TableScans
Operator<? extends OperatorDesc>[] parentOps = new TableScanOperator[tags.length];
for (int k = 0; k < tags.length; k++) {
Operator<? extends OperatorDesc> ts = GenMapRedUtils.createTemporaryTableScanOperator(joinOp.getCompilationOpContext(), rowSchemaList.get((byte) k));
((TableScanOperator) ts).setTableDescSkewJoin(tableDescList.get((byte) k));
parentOps[k] = ts;
}
// create the MapJoinOperator
String dumpFilePrefix = "mapfile" + PlanUtils.getCountForMapJoinDumpFilePrefix();
MapJoinDesc mapJoinDescriptor = new MapJoinDesc(newJoinKeys, keyTblDesc, newJoinValues, newJoinValueTblDesc, newJoinValueTblDesc, joinDescriptor.getOutputColumnNames(), i, joinDescriptor.getConds(), joinDescriptor.getFilters(), joinDescriptor.getNoOuterJoin(), dumpFilePrefix, joinDescriptor.getMemoryMonitorInfo(), joinDescriptor.getInMemoryDataSize());
mapJoinDescriptor.setTagOrder(tags);
mapJoinDescriptor.setHandleSkewJoin(false);
mapJoinDescriptor.setNullSafes(joinDescriptor.getNullSafes());
mapJoinDescriptor.setColumnExprMap(joinDescriptor.getColumnExprMap());
// temporarily, mark it as child of all the TS
MapJoinOperator mapJoinOp = (MapJoinOperator) OperatorFactory.getAndMakeChild(joinOp.getCompilationOpContext(), mapJoinDescriptor, null, parentOps);
// clone the original join operator, and replace it with the MJ
// this makes sure MJ has the same downstream operator plan as the original join
List<Operator<?>> reducerList = new ArrayList<Operator<?>>();
reducerList.add(reduceWork.getReducer());
Operator<? extends OperatorDesc> reducer = SerializationUtilities.cloneOperatorTree(reducerList).get(0);
Preconditions.checkArgument(reducer instanceof JoinOperator, "Reducer should be join operator, but actually is " + reducer.getName());
JoinOperator cloneJoinOp = (JoinOperator) reducer;
List<Operator<? extends OperatorDesc>> childOps = cloneJoinOp.getChildOperators();
for (Operator<? extends OperatorDesc> childOp : childOps) {
childOp.replaceParent(cloneJoinOp, mapJoinOp);
}
mapJoinOp.setChildOperators(childOps);
// set memory usage for the MJ operator
setMemUsage(mapJoinOp, skewJoinMapJoinTask, parseCtx);
// create N MapWorks and add them to the SparkWork
MapWork bigMapWork = null;
Map<Byte, Path> smallTblDirs = smallKeysDirMap.get(src);
for (int j = 0; j < tags.length; j++) {
MapWork mapWork = PlanUtils.getMapRedWork().getMapWork();
sparkWork.add(mapWork);
// This code has been only added for testing
boolean mapperCannotSpanPartns = parseCtx.getConf().getBoolVar(HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVE_MAPPER_CANNOT_SPAN_MULTIPLE_PARTITIONS);
mapWork.setMapperCannotSpanPartns(mapperCannotSpanPartns);
Operator<? extends OperatorDesc> tableScan = parentOps[j];
String alias = tags[j].toString();
ArrayList<String> aliases = new ArrayList<String>();
aliases.add(alias);
Path path;
if (j == i) {
path = bigKeysDirMap.get(tags[j]);
bigKeysDirToTaskMap.put(path, skewJoinMapJoinTask);
bigMapWork = mapWork;
} else {
path = smallTblDirs.get(tags[j]);
}
mapWork.addPathToAlias(path, aliases);
mapWork.getAliasToWork().put(alias, tableScan);
PartitionDesc partitionDesc = new PartitionDesc(tableDescList.get(tags[j]), null);
mapWork.addPathToPartitionInfo(path, partitionDesc);
mapWork.getAliasToPartnInfo().put(alias, partitionDesc);
mapWork.setName("Map " + GenSparkUtils.getUtils().getNextSeqNumber());
}
// connect all small dir map work to the big dir map work
Preconditions.checkArgument(bigMapWork != null, "Haven't identified big dir MapWork");
// these 2 flags are intended only for the big-key map work
bigMapWork.setNumMapTasks(HiveConf.getIntVar(hiveConf, HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVESKEWJOINMAPJOINNUMMAPTASK));
bigMapWork.setMinSplitSize(HiveConf.getLongVar(hiveConf, HiveConf.ConfVars.HIVESKEWJOINMAPJOINMINSPLIT));
// use HiveInputFormat so that we can control the number of map tasks
bigMapWork.setInputformat(HiveInputFormat.class.getName());
for (BaseWork work : sparkWork.getRoots()) {
Preconditions.checkArgument(work instanceof MapWork, "All root work should be MapWork, but got " + work.getClass().getSimpleName());
if (work != bigMapWork) {
sparkWork.connect(work, bigMapWork, new SparkEdgeProperty(SparkEdgeProperty.SHUFFLE_NONE));
}
}
// insert SparkHashTableSink and Dummy operators
for (int j = 0; j < tags.length; j++) {
if (j != i) {
insertSHTS(tags[j], (TableScanOperator) parentOps[j], bigMapWork);
}
}
listWorks.add(skewJoinMapJoinTask.getWork());
listTasks.add(skewJoinMapJoinTask);
}
if (children != null) {
for (Task<? extends Serializable> tsk : listTasks) {
for (Task<? extends Serializable> oldChild : children) {
tsk.addDependentTask(oldChild);
}
}
currTask.setChildTasks(new ArrayList<Task<? extends Serializable>>());
for (Task<? extends Serializable> oldChild : children) {
oldChild.getParentTasks().remove(currTask);
}
listTasks.addAll(children);
for (Task<? extends Serializable> oldChild : children) {
listWorks.add(oldChild.getWork());
}
}
ConditionalResolverSkewJoin.ConditionalResolverSkewJoinCtx context = new ConditionalResolverSkewJoin.ConditionalResolverSkewJoinCtx(bigKeysDirToTaskMap, children);
ConditionalWork cndWork = new ConditionalWork(listWorks);
ConditionalTask cndTsk = (ConditionalTask) TaskFactory.get(cndWork);
cndTsk.setListTasks(listTasks);
cndTsk.setResolver(new ConditionalResolverSkewJoin());
cndTsk.setResolverCtx(context);
currTask.setChildTasks(new ArrayList<Task<? extends Serializable>>());
currTask.addDependentTask(cndTsk);
}
use of org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.plan.MapWork in project hive by apache.
the class SamplingOptimizer method resolve.
public PhysicalContext resolve(PhysicalContext pctx) throws SemanticException {
for (Task<?> task : pctx.getRootTasks()) {
if (!(task instanceof MapRedTask) || !((MapRedTask) task).getWork().isFinalMapRed()) {
// this could be replaced by bucketing on RS + bucketed fetcher for next MR
continue;
}
MapredWork mrWork = ((MapRedTask) task).getWork();
MapWork mapWork = mrWork.getMapWork();
ReduceWork reduceWork = mrWork.getReduceWork();
if (reduceWork == null || reduceWork.getNumReduceTasks() != 1 || mapWork.getAliasToWork().size() != 1 || mapWork.getSamplingType() > 0 || reduceWork.getReducer() == null) {
continue;
}
// GROUPBY operator in reducer may not be processed in parallel. Skip optimizing.
if (OperatorUtils.findSingleOperator(reduceWork.getReducer(), GroupByOperator.class) != null) {
continue;
}
Operator<?> operator = mapWork.getAliasToWork().values().iterator().next();
if (!(operator instanceof TableScanOperator)) {
continue;
}
TableScanOperator tsop = (TableScanOperator) operator;
Table tbl = tsop.getConf().getTableMetadata();
if (tbl == null) {
continue;
}
if (AcidUtils.isInsertOnlyTable(tbl.getParameters())) {
// sampler will limit the input to the the correct directories, but we don't care about MR.
continue;
}
ReduceSinkOperator child = OperatorUtils.findSingleOperator(operator, ReduceSinkOperator.class);
if (child == null || child.getConf().getNumReducers() != 1 || !child.getConf().getPartitionCols().isEmpty()) {
continue;
}
child.getConf().setNumReducers(-1);
reduceWork.setNumReduceTasks(-1);
mapWork.setSamplingType(MapWork.SAMPLING_ON_START);
}
return pctx;
}
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