Examples with PickResults com.ardor3d.intersection.PickResults used on opensource projects

Example 6 with PickResults

use of com.ardor3d.intersection.PickResults in project energy3d by concord-consortium.

the class SolarRadiation method computeOnMirror.

// unlike PV solar panels, no indirect (ambient or diffuse) radiation should be included in reflection calculation
private void computeOnMirror(final int minute, final ReadOnlyVector3 directionTowardSun, final Mirror mirror) {
    final int nx = Scene.getInstance().getMirrorNx();
    final int ny = Scene.getInstance().getMirrorNy();
    final Foundation target = mirror.getReceiver();
    if (target != null) {
        final Calendar calendar = Heliodon.getInstance().getCalendar();
        calendar.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, (int) ((double) minute / (double) SolarRadiation.MINUTES_OF_DAY * 24.0));
        calendar.set(Calendar.MINUTE, minute % 60);
        mirror.draw();
    }
    // nx*ny*60: nx*ny is to get the unit cell area of the nx*ny grid; 60 is to convert the unit of timeStep from minute to kWh
    final double a = mirror.getMirrorWidth() * mirror.getMirrorHeight() * Scene.getInstance().getTimeStep() / (nx * ny * 60.0);
    final ReadOnlyVector3 normal = mirror.getNormal();
    if (normal == null) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Normal is null");
    }
    final Mesh mesh = mirror.getRadiationMesh();
    MeshDataStore data = onMesh.get(mesh);
    if (data == null) {
        data = initMeshTextureDataOnRectangle(mesh, nx, ny);
    }
    final ReadOnlyVector3 offset = directionTowardSun.multiply(1, null);
    final double dot = normal.dot(directionTowardSun);
    double directRadiation = 0;
    if (dot > 0) {
        directRadiation += calculateDirectRadiation(directionTowardSun, normal);
    }
    final FloatBuffer vertexBuffer = mesh.getMeshData().getVertexBuffer();
    // (0, 0)
    final Vector3 p0 = new Vector3(vertexBuffer.get(3), vertexBuffer.get(4), vertexBuffer.get(5));
    // (1, 0)
    final Vector3 p1 = new Vector3(vertexBuffer.get(6), vertexBuffer.get(7), vertexBuffer.get(8));
    // (0, 1)
    final Vector3 p2 = new Vector3(vertexBuffer.get(0), vertexBuffer.get(1), vertexBuffer.get(2));
    // final Vector3 q0 = drawMesh.localToWorld(p0, null);
    // final Vector3 q1 = drawMesh.localToWorld(p1, null);
    // final Vector3 q2 = drawMesh.localToWorld(p2, null);
    // System.out.println("***" + q0.distance(q1) * Scene.getInstance().getAnnotationScale() + "," + q0.distance(q2) * Scene.getInstance().getAnnotationScale());
    // this is the longer side (supposed to be y)
    final Vector3 u = p1.subtract(p0, null).normalizeLocal();
    // this is the shorter side (supposed to be x)
    final Vector3 v = p2.subtract(p0, null).normalizeLocal();
    // x and y must be swapped to have correct heat map texture, because nx represents rows and ny columns as we call initMeshTextureDataOnRectangle(mesh, nx, ny)
    final double xSpacing = p1.distance(p0) / nx;
    final double ySpacing = p2.distance(p0) / ny;
    final Vector3 receiver = target != null ? target.getSolarReceiverCenter() : null;
    List<Mesh> towerCollisionMeshes = null;
    if (target != null) {
        towerCollisionMeshes = new ArrayList<Mesh>();
        for (final HousePart child : target.getChildren()) {
            towerCollisionMeshes.add((Mesh) child.getRadiationCollisionSpatial());
        }
        final List<Roof> roofs = target.getRoofs();
        if (!roofs.isEmpty()) {
            for (final Roof r : roofs) {
                for (final Spatial roofPart : r.getRoofPartsRoot().getChildren()) {
                    towerCollisionMeshes.add((Mesh) ((Node) roofPart).getChild(6));
                }
            }
        }
    }
    final int iMinute = minute / Scene.getInstance().getTimeStep();
    final boolean reflectionMapOnly = Scene.getInstance().getOnlyReflectedEnergyInMirrorSolarMap();
    for (int x = 0; x < nx; x++) {
        for (int y = 0; y < ny; y++) {
            if (EnergyPanel.getInstance().isCancelled()) {
                throw new CancellationException();
            }
            final Vector3 u2 = u.multiply(xSpacing * (x + 0.5), null);
            final Vector3 v2 = v.multiply(ySpacing * (y + 0.5), null);
            final ReadOnlyVector3 p = mesh.getWorldTransform().applyForward(p0.add(v2, null).addLocal(u2)).addLocal(offset);
            final Ray3 pickRay = new Ray3(p, directionTowardSun);
            if (dot > 0) {
                final PickResults pickResults = new PrimitivePickResults();
                for (final Spatial spatial : collidables) {
                    if (spatial != mesh) {
                        PickingUtil.findPick(spatial, pickRay, pickResults, false);
                        if (pickResults.getNumber() != 0) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (pickResults.getNumber() == 0) {
                    // for heat map generation
                    if (!reflectionMapOnly) {
                        data.dailySolarIntensity[x][y] += directRadiation;
                    }
                    if (receiver != null) {
                        // for concentrated energy calculation
                        final Vector3 toReceiver = receiver.subtract(p, null);
                        final Ray3 rayToReceiver = new Ray3(p, toReceiver.normalize(null));
                        final PickResults pickResultsToReceiver = new PrimitivePickResults();
                        for (final Spatial spatial : collidables) {
                            if (spatial != mesh) {
                                if (towerCollisionMeshes == null || (towerCollisionMeshes != null && !towerCollisionMeshes.contains(spatial))) {
                                    PickingUtil.findPick(spatial, rayToReceiver, pickResultsToReceiver, false);
                                    if (pickResultsToReceiver.getNumber() != 0) {
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        if (pickResultsToReceiver.getNumber() == 0) {
                            final double r = directRadiation * Atmosphere.getTransmittance(toReceiver.length() * Scene.getInstance().getAnnotationScale() * 0.001, false);
                            mirror.getSolarPotential()[iMinute] += r * a;
                            if (reflectionMapOnly) {
                                data.dailySolarIntensity[x][y] += r;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Example 7 with PickResults

use of com.ardor3d.intersection.PickResults in project energy3d by concord-consortium.

the class SolarRadiation method computeOnImportedMesh.

private void computeOnImportedMesh(final int minute, final ReadOnlyVector3 directionTowardSun, final Foundation foundation, final Mesh mesh) {
    final UserData userData = (UserData) mesh.getUserData();
    if (!userData.isReachable()) {
        return;
    }
    final ReadOnlyVector3 normal = userData.getRotatedNormal() == null ? userData.getNormal() : userData.getRotatedNormal();
    final MeshDataStore data = onMesh.get(mesh);
    final int timeStep = Scene.getInstance().getTimeStep();
    final int iMinute = minute / timeStep;
    final double dot = normal.dot(directionTowardSun);
    final double directRadiation = dot > 0 ? calculateDirectRadiation(directionTowardSun, normal) : 0;
    final double indirectRadiation = calculateDiffuseAndReflectedRadiation(directionTowardSun, normal);
    final double solarStep = Scene.getInstance().getSolarStep();
    final double annotationScale = Scene.getInstance().getAnnotationScale();
    final double scaleFactor = annotationScale * annotationScale / 60 * timeStep;
    final float absorption = 1 - foundation.getAlbedo();
    for (int col = 0; col < data.cols; col++) {
        // final double w = col == data.cols - 1 ? data.p2.distance(data.u.multiply(col * solarStep, null).addLocal(data.p0)) : solarStep;
        final double w = col == data.cols - 1 ? data.p2.distance(data.p0) - col * solarStep : solarStep;
        final ReadOnlyVector3 pU = data.u.multiply(col * solarStep + 0.5 * w, null).addLocal(data.p0);
        for (int row = 0; row < data.rows; row++) {
            if (EnergyPanel.getInstance().isCancelled()) {
                throw new CancellationException();
            }
            if (data.dailySolarIntensity[row][col] == -1) {
                continue;
            }
            final double h = row == data.rows - 1 ? data.p1.distance(data.p0) - row * solarStep : solarStep;
            // cannot do offset as in computeOnMesh
            final ReadOnlyVector3 p = data.v.multiply(row * solarStep + 0.5 * h, null).addLocal(pU);
            final Ray3 pickRay = new Ray3(p, directionTowardSun);
            final PickResults pickResults = new PrimitivePickResults();
            // assuming that indirect (ambient or diffuse) radiation can always reach a grid point
            double radiation = indirectRadiation;
            final double scaledArea = w * h * scaleFactor;
            if (dot > 0) {
                for (final Spatial spatial : collidables) {
                    if (EnergyPanel.getInstance().isCancelled()) {
                        throw new CancellationException();
                    }
                    if (spatial != mesh) {
                        PickingUtil.findPick(spatial, pickRay, pickResults, false);
                        if (pickResults.getNumber() != 0) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (pickResults.getNumber() == 0) {
                    radiation += directRadiation;
                }
            }
            data.dailySolarIntensity[row][col] += Scene.getInstance().getOnlyAbsorptionInSolarMap() ? absorption * radiation : radiation;
            if (data.solarPotential != null) {
                data.solarPotential[iMinute] += radiation * scaledArea;
            }
            // sum all the solar energy up over all meshes and store in the foundation's solar potential array
            foundation.getSolarPotential()[iMinute] += radiation * scaledArea;
        }
    }
}

Example 8 with PickResults

use of com.ardor3d.intersection.PickResults in project energy3d by concord-consortium.

the class SolarRadiation method computeOnFresnelReflector.

// unlike PV solar panels, no indirect (ambient or diffuse) radiation should be included in reflection calculation
private void computeOnFresnelReflector(final int minute, final ReadOnlyVector3 directionTowardSun, final FresnelReflector reflector) {
    final int nx = reflector.getNSectionLength();
    final int ny = reflector.getNSectionWidth();
    final Foundation target = reflector.getReceiver();
    if (target != null) {
        final Calendar calendar = Heliodon.getInstance().getCalendar();
        calendar.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, (int) ((double) minute / (double) SolarRadiation.MINUTES_OF_DAY * 24.0));
        calendar.set(Calendar.MINUTE, minute % 60);
        reflector.draw();
    }
    // nx*ny*60: nx*ny is to get the unit cell area of the nx*ny grid; 60 is to convert the unit of timeStep from minute to kWh
    final double a = reflector.getModuleWidth() * reflector.getLength() * Scene.getInstance().getTimeStep() / (nx * ny * 60.0);
    final ReadOnlyVector3 normal = reflector.getNormal();
    if (normal == null) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Normal is null");
    }
    final Mesh mesh = reflector.getRadiationMesh();
    MeshDataStore data = onMesh.get(mesh);
    if (data == null) {
        data = initMeshTextureDataOnRectangle(mesh, nx, ny);
    }
    final ReadOnlyVector3 offset = directionTowardSun.multiply(1, null);
    final double dot = normal.dot(directionTowardSun);
    double directRadiation = 0;
    if (dot > 0) {
        directRadiation += calculateDirectRadiation(directionTowardSun, normal);
    }
    final FloatBuffer vertexBuffer = mesh.getMeshData().getVertexBuffer();
    // (0, 0)
    final Vector3 p0 = new Vector3(vertexBuffer.get(3), vertexBuffer.get(4), vertexBuffer.get(5));
    // (1, 0)
    final Vector3 p1 = new Vector3(vertexBuffer.get(6), vertexBuffer.get(7), vertexBuffer.get(8));
    // (0, 1)
    final Vector3 p2 = new Vector3(vertexBuffer.get(0), vertexBuffer.get(1), vertexBuffer.get(2));
    // final Vector3 q0 = mesh.localToWorld(p0, null);
    // final Vector3 q1 = mesh.localToWorld(p1, null);
    // final Vector3 q2 = mesh.localToWorld(p2, null);
    // System.out.println("***" + q0.distance(q1) * Scene.getInstance().getAnnotationScale() + "," + q0.distance(q2) * Scene.getInstance().getAnnotationScale());
    // this is the longer side (supposed to be y)
    final Vector3 u = p1.subtract(p0, null).normalizeLocal();
    // this is the shorter side (supposed to be x)
    final Vector3 v = p2.subtract(p0, null).normalizeLocal();
    // x and y must be swapped to have correct heat map texture, because nx represents rows and ny columns as we call initMeshTextureDataOnRectangle(mesh, nx, ny)
    final double xSpacing = p1.distance(p0) / nx;
    final double ySpacing = p2.distance(p0) / ny;
    final Vector3 absorber = target != null ? target.getSolarReceiverCenter() : null;
    List<Mesh> absorberCollisionMeshes = null;
    if (target != null) {
        absorberCollisionMeshes = new ArrayList<Mesh>();
        for (final HousePart child : target.getChildren()) {
            absorberCollisionMeshes.add((Mesh) child.getRadiationCollisionSpatial());
        }
        final List<Roof> roofs = target.getRoofs();
        if (!roofs.isEmpty()) {
            for (final Roof r : roofs) {
                for (final Spatial roofPart : r.getRoofPartsRoot().getChildren()) {
                    absorberCollisionMeshes.add((Mesh) ((Node) roofPart).getChild(6));
                }
            }
        }
    }
    final int iMinute = minute / Scene.getInstance().getTimeStep();
    final boolean reflectionMapOnly = Scene.getInstance().getOnlyReflectedEnergyInMirrorSolarMap();
    for (int x = 0; x < nx; x++) {
        for (int y = 0; y < ny; y++) {
            if (EnergyPanel.getInstance().isCancelled()) {
                throw new CancellationException();
            }
            final Vector3 u2 = u.multiply(xSpacing * (x + 0.5), null);
            final Vector3 v2 = v.multiply(ySpacing * (y + 0.5), null);
            final ReadOnlyVector3 p = mesh.getWorldTransform().applyForward(p0.add(v2, null).addLocal(u2)).addLocal(offset);
            final Ray3 pickRay = new Ray3(p, directionTowardSun);
            if (dot > 0) {
                final PickResults pickResults = new PrimitivePickResults();
                for (final Spatial spatial : collidables) {
                    if (spatial != mesh) {
                        PickingUtil.findPick(spatial, pickRay, pickResults, false);
                        if (pickResults.getNumber() != 0) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (pickResults.getNumber() == 0) {
                    // for heat map generation
                    if (!reflectionMapOnly) {
                        data.dailySolarIntensity[x][y] += directRadiation;
                    }
                    // TODO: Edge losses are not considered yet
                    if (absorber != null) {
                        // TODO: This calculation is not exactly accurate as the collision detection assumes that the ray emits from a grid point on the reflector to
                        // the parallel position on the absorber tube -- without considering the actual direction of the reflected light
                        final Vector3 toAbsorber = absorber.subtract(p, null);
                        toAbsorber.setY(0);
                        final Ray3 rayToAbsorber = new Ray3(p, toAbsorber.normalize(null));
                        final PickResults pickResultsToAbsorber = new PrimitivePickResults();
                        for (final Spatial spatial : collidables) {
                            if (spatial != mesh) {
                                if (absorberCollisionMeshes == null || (absorberCollisionMeshes != null && !absorberCollisionMeshes.contains(spatial))) {
                                    PickingUtil.findPick(spatial, rayToAbsorber, pickResultsToAbsorber, false);
                                    if (pickResultsToAbsorber.getNumber() != 0) {
                                        // FIXME: how to stop the ray when it hits the absorber?
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        if (pickResultsToAbsorber.getNumber() == 0) {
                            final double r = directRadiation * Atmosphere.getTransmittance(toAbsorber.length() * Scene.getInstance().getAnnotationScale() * 0.001, false);
                            reflector.getSolarPotential()[iMinute] += r * a;
                            if (reflectionMapOnly) {
                                data.dailySolarIntensity[x][y] += r;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Example 9 with PickResults

use of com.ardor3d.intersection.PickResults in project energy3d by concord-consortium.

the class MeshLib method applyHoles.

public static void applyHoles(final Node root, final List<Window> windows) {
    final Map<Window, List<ReadOnlyVector3>> holes = new HashMap<Window, List<ReadOnlyVector3>>();
    for (final Window window : windows) {
        final ArrayList<ReadOnlyVector3> hole = new ArrayList<ReadOnlyVector3>();
        hole.add(window.getAbsPoint(0).multiplyLocal(1, 1, 0));
        hole.add(window.getAbsPoint(2).multiplyLocal(1, 1, 0));
        hole.add(window.getAbsPoint(3).multiplyLocal(1, 1, 0));
        hole.add(window.getAbsPoint(1).multiplyLocal(1, 1, 0));
        holes.put(window, hole);
    }
    for (int roofIndex = 0; roofIndex < root.getChildren().size(); roofIndex++) {
        final Spatial roofPart = root.getChildren().get(roofIndex);
        if (roofPart.getSceneHints().getCullHint() != CullHint.Always) {
            final ReadOnlyVector3 normal = (ReadOnlyVector3) roofPart.getUserData();
            final AnyToXYTransform toXY = new AnyToXYTransform(normal.getX(), normal.getY(), normal.getZ());
            final XYToAnyTransform fromXY = new XYToAnyTransform(normal.getX(), normal.getY(), normal.getZ());
            final Mesh mesh = (Mesh) ((Node) roofPart).getChild(0);
            final ArrayList<ReadOnlyVector3> points3D = computeOutline(mesh.getMeshData().getVertexBuffer());
            final List<PolygonPoint> points2D = new ArrayList<PolygonPoint>();
            final ReadOnlyVector3 firstPoint = points3D.get(0);
            final double scale = Scene.getInstance().getTextureMode() == TextureMode.Simple ? 0.5 : 0.1;
            final TPoint o;
            final TPoint u;
            final TPoint v;
            if (normal.dot(Vector3.UNIT_Z) == 1) {
                o = new TPoint(firstPoint.getX(), firstPoint.getY(), firstPoint.getZ());
                u = new TPoint(1 / scale, 0, 0);
                v = new TPoint(0, 1 / scale, 0);
            } else {
                final ReadOnlyVector3 u3 = Vector3.UNIT_Z.cross(normal, null).normalizeLocal();
                final ReadOnlyVector3 ou3 = u3.divide(scale, null).add(firstPoint, null);
                final ReadOnlyVector3 ov3 = normal.cross(u3, null).divideLocal(scale).addLocal(firstPoint);
                o = new TPoint(firstPoint.getX(), firstPoint.getY(), firstPoint.getZ());
                u = new TPoint(ou3.getX(), ou3.getY(), ou3.getZ());
                v = new TPoint(ov3.getX(), ov3.getY(), ov3.getZ());
                toXY.transform(o);
                toXY.transform(u);
                toXY.transform(v);
                u.set(u.getX() - o.getX(), u.getY() - o.getY(), 0);
                v.set(v.getX() - o.getX(), v.getY() - o.getY(), 0);
            }
            final Vector2 o2 = new Vector2(firstPoint.getX(), firstPoint.getY());
            final Vector2 ou2 = o2.add(new Vector2(u.getX(), u.getY()), null);
            final Vector2 ov2 = o2.add(new Vector2(v.getX(), v.getY()), null);
            double minLineScaleU = Double.MAX_VALUE;
            double minLineScaleV = Double.MAX_VALUE;
            for (final ReadOnlyVector3 p : points3D) {
                final PolygonPoint polygonPoint = new PolygonPoint(p.getX(), p.getY(), p.getZ());
                toXY.transform(polygonPoint);
                points2D.add(polygonPoint);
                final Vector2 p2 = new Vector2(polygonPoint.getX(), polygonPoint.getY());
                final double lineScaleU = Util.projectPointOnLineScale(p2, o2, ou2);
                final double lineScaleV = Util.projectPointOnLineScale(p2, o2, ov2);
                if (lineScaleU < minLineScaleU) {
                    minLineScaleU = lineScaleU;
                }
                if (lineScaleV < minLineScaleV) {
                    minLineScaleV = lineScaleV;
                }
            }
            o2.addLocal(new Vector2(u.getX(), u.getY()).multiplyLocal(minLineScaleU));
            o2.addLocal(new Vector2(v.getX(), v.getY()).multiplyLocal(minLineScaleV));
            final PolygonWithHoles polygon = new PolygonWithHoles(points2D);
            o.set(o2.getX(), o2.getY(), 0);
            roofPart.updateWorldBound(true);
            for (final Window window : windows) {
                if (holes.get(window) == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                final List<PolygonPoint> holePolygon = new ArrayList<PolygonPoint>();
                boolean outside = false;
                for (final ReadOnlyVector3 holePoint : holes.get(window)) {
                    final PickResults pickResults = new PrimitivePickResults();
                    PickingUtil.findPick(((Node) roofPart).getChild(0), new Ray3(holePoint, Vector3.UNIT_Z), pickResults, false);
                    if (pickResults.getNumber() > 0) {
                        final ReadOnlyVector3 intersectionPoint = pickResults.getPickData(0).getIntersectionRecord().getIntersectionPoint(0);
                        final PolygonPoint polygonPoint = new PolygonPoint(intersectionPoint.getX(), intersectionPoint.getY(), intersectionPoint.getZ());
                        toXY.transform(polygonPoint);
                        holePolygon.add(polygonPoint);
                    } else {
                        outside = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (!outside) {
                    polygon.addHole(new PolygonWithHoles(holePolygon));
                    holes.remove(window);
                    window.setRoofIndex(roofIndex);
                }
            }
            final Mesh meshWithHoles = (Mesh) ((Node) roofPart).getChild(6);
            try {
                fillMeshWithPolygon(meshWithHoles, polygon, fromXY, true, o, v, u, false);
            } catch (final RuntimeException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                final Mesh meshWithoutHoles = (Mesh) ((Node) roofPart).getChild(0);
                meshWithHoles.setMeshData(meshWithoutHoles.getMeshData());
            }
        }
    }
}

Example 10 with PickResults

use of com.ardor3d.intersection.PickResults in project energy3d by concord-consortium.

the class SolarRadiation method computeOnSolarPanel.

// a solar panel typically has 6x10 cells, 6 and 10 are not power of 2 for texture. so we need some special handling here
private void computeOnSolarPanel(final int minute, final ReadOnlyVector3 directionTowardSun, final SolarPanel panel) {
    if (panel.getTracker() != SolarPanel.NO_TRACKER) {
        final Calendar calendar = Heliodon.getInstance().getCalendar();
        calendar.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, (int) ((double) minute / (double) SolarRadiation.MINUTES_OF_DAY * 24.0));
        calendar.set(Calendar.MINUTE, minute % 60);
        panel.draw();
    }
    final ReadOnlyVector3 normal = panel.getNormal();
    if (normal == null) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Normal is null");
    }
    int nx = Scene.getInstance().getSolarPanelNx();
    int ny = Scene.getInstance().getSolarPanelNy();
    final Mesh drawMesh = panel.getRadiationMesh();
    final Mesh collisionMesh = (Mesh) panel.getRadiationCollisionSpatial();
    MeshDataStore data = onMesh.get(drawMesh);
    if (data == null) {
        data = initMeshTextureDataOnRectangle(drawMesh, nx, ny);
    }
    final ReadOnlyVector3 offset = directionTowardSun.multiply(1, null);
    final double dot = normal.dot(directionTowardSun);
    double directRadiation = 0;
    if (dot > 0) {
        directRadiation += calculateDirectRadiation(directionTowardSun, normal);
    }
    final double indirectRadiation = calculateDiffuseAndReflectedRadiation(directionTowardSun, normal);
    final FloatBuffer vertexBuffer = drawMesh.getMeshData().getVertexBuffer();
    // (0, 0)
    final Vector3 p0 = new Vector3(vertexBuffer.get(3), vertexBuffer.get(4), vertexBuffer.get(5));
    // (1, 0)
    final Vector3 p1 = new Vector3(vertexBuffer.get(6), vertexBuffer.get(7), vertexBuffer.get(8));
    // (0, 1)
    final Vector3 p2 = new Vector3(vertexBuffer.get(0), vertexBuffer.get(1), vertexBuffer.get(2));
    // this is the longer side (supposed to be y)
    final double d10 = p1.distance(p0);
    // this is the shorter side (supposed to be x)
    final double d20 = p2.distance(p0);
    final Vector3 p10 = p1.subtract(p0, null).normalizeLocal();
    final Vector3 p20 = p2.subtract(p0, null).normalizeLocal();
    // generate the heat map first. this doesn't affect the energy calculation, it just shows the distribution of solar radiation on the panel.
    // x and y must be swapped to have correct heat map texture, because nx represents rows and ny columns as we call initMeshTextureDataOnRectangle(mesh, nx, ny)
    double xSpacing = d10 / nx;
    double ySpacing = d20 / ny;
    Vector3 u = p10;
    Vector3 v = p20;
    final int iMinute = minute / Scene.getInstance().getTimeStep();
    for (int x = 0; x < nx; x++) {
        for (int y = 0; y < ny; y++) {
            if (EnergyPanel.getInstance().isCancelled()) {
                throw new CancellationException();
            }
            final Vector3 u2 = u.multiply(xSpacing * (x + 0.5), null);
            final Vector3 v2 = v.multiply(ySpacing * (y + 0.5), null);
            final ReadOnlyVector3 p = drawMesh.getWorldTransform().applyForward(p0.add(v2, null).addLocal(u2)).addLocal(offset);
            final Ray3 pickRay = new Ray3(p, directionTowardSun);
            // assuming that indirect (ambient or diffuse) radiation can always reach a grid point
            double radiation = indirectRadiation;
            if (dot > 0) {
                final PickResults pickResults = new PrimitivePickResults();
                for (final Spatial spatial : collidables) {
                    if (spatial != collisionMesh) {
                        PickingUtil.findPick(spatial, pickRay, pickResults, false);
                        if (pickResults.getNumber() != 0) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (pickResults.getNumber() == 0) {
                    radiation += directRadiation;
                }
            }
            data.dailySolarIntensity[x][y] += radiation;
        }
    }
    if (panel.isRotated()) {
        // landscape
        nx = panel.getNumberOfCellsInY();
        ny = panel.getNumberOfCellsInX();
    } else {
        // portrait
        nx = panel.getNumberOfCellsInX();
        ny = panel.getNumberOfCellsInY();
    }
    // nx*ny*60: nx*ny is to get the unit cell area of the nx*ny grid; 60 is to convert the unit of timeStep from minute to kWh
    final double a = panel.getPanelWidth() * panel.getPanelHeight() * Scene.getInstance().getTimeStep() / (nx * ny * 60.0);
    // swap the x and y back to correct order
    xSpacing = d20 / nx;
    ySpacing = d10 / ny;
    u = p20;
    v = p10;
    if (cellOutputs == null || cellOutputs.length != nx || cellOutputs[0].length != ny) {
        cellOutputs = new double[nx][ny];
    }
    // calculate the solar radiation first without worrying about the underlying cell wiring and distributed efficiency
    for (int x = 0; x < nx; x++) {
        for (int y = 0; y < ny; y++) {
            if (EnergyPanel.getInstance().isCancelled()) {
                throw new CancellationException();
            }
            final Vector3 u2 = u.multiply(xSpacing * (x + 0.5), null);
            final Vector3 v2 = v.multiply(ySpacing * (y + 0.5), null);
            final ReadOnlyVector3 p = drawMesh.getWorldTransform().applyForward(p0.add(v2, null).addLocal(u2)).addLocal(offset);
            final Ray3 pickRay = new Ray3(p, directionTowardSun);
            // assuming that indirect (ambient or diffuse) radiation can always reach a grid point
            double radiation = indirectRadiation;
            if (dot > 0) {
                final PickResults pickResults = new PrimitivePickResults();
                for (final Spatial spatial : collidables) {
                    if (spatial != collisionMesh) {
                        PickingUtil.findPick(spatial, pickRay, pickResults, false);
                        if (pickResults.getNumber() != 0) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (pickResults.getNumber() == 0) {
                    radiation += directRadiation;
                }
            }
            cellOutputs[x][y] = radiation * a;
        }
    }
    final double airTemperature = Weather.getInstance().getOutsideTemperatureAtMinute(dailyAirTemperatures[1], dailyAirTemperatures[0], minute);
    double syseff;
    double output;
    // cell temperature
    double tcell;
    // Tcell = Tair + (NOCT - 20) / 80 * R, where the unit of R is mW/cm^2
    final double noctFactor = (panel.getNominalOperatingCellTemperature() - 20.0) * 100.0 / (a * 80.0);
    // now consider cell wiring and distributed efficiency (Nice demo at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UNPJapaZlCU)
    switch(panel.getShadeTolerance()) {
        case // the most ideal assumption that probably doesn't exist in reality (just keep it here in case someone has a breakthrough in the future)
        SolarPanel.HIGH_SHADE_TOLERANCE:
            for (int x = 0; x < nx; x++) {
                for (int y = 0; y < ny; y++) {
                    output = cellOutputs[x][y];
                    tcell = airTemperature + output * noctFactor;
                    syseff = panel.getSystemEfficiency(tcell);
                    panel.getSolarPotential()[iMinute] += output * syseff;
                }
            }
            break;
        case // all the cells are connected in a single series, so the total output is (easily) determined by the minimum
        SolarPanel.NO_SHADE_TOLERANCE:
            double min = Double.MAX_VALUE;
            for (int x = 0; x < nx; x++) {
                for (int y = 0; y < ny; y++) {
                    output = cellOutputs[x][y];
                    tcell = airTemperature + output * noctFactor;
                    syseff = panel.getSystemEfficiency(tcell);
                    output *= syseff;
                    if (output < min) {
                        min = output;
                    }
                }
            }
            panel.getSolarPotential()[iMinute] += min * ny * nx;
            break;
        case // assuming each panel uses a diode bypass to connect two columns of cells
        SolarPanel.PARTIAL_SHADE_TOLERANCE:
            min = Double.MAX_VALUE;
            if (panel.isRotated()) {
                // landscape: nx = 10, ny = 6
                for (int y = 0; y < ny; y++) {
                    if (y % 2 == 0) {
                        // reset min every two columns of cells
                        min = Double.MAX_VALUE;
                    }
                    for (int x = 0; x < nx; x++) {
                        output = cellOutputs[x][y];
                        tcell = airTemperature + output * noctFactor;
                        syseff = panel.getSystemEfficiency(tcell);
                        output *= syseff;
                        if (output < min) {
                            min = output;
                        }
                    }
                    if (y % 2 == 1) {
                        panel.getSolarPotential()[iMinute] += min * nx * 2;
                    }
                }
            } else {
                // portrait: nx = 6, ny = 10
                for (int x = 0; x < nx; x++) {
                    if (x % 2 == 0) {
                        // reset min every two columns of cells
                        min = Double.MAX_VALUE;
                    }
                    for (int y = 0; y < ny; y++) {
                        output = cellOutputs[x][y];
                        tcell = airTemperature + output * noctFactor;
                        syseff = panel.getSystemEfficiency(tcell);
                        output *= syseff;
                        if (output < min) {
                            min = output;
                        }
                    }
                    if (x % 2 == 1) {
                        panel.getSolarPotential()[iMinute] += min * ny * 2;
                    }
                }
            }
            break;
    }
}